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■Bio-mathematics, Statistics and Nano-Technologies: Mosquito Control Strategies

Table 16.2: Classification of attractant.

Category

Attractive source

Remarks

A-1

Human

Exposed arms or legs.

A-2

Animal

Hair-shaved mice, rabbits,

guinea pigs etc.

A-3

Artificial

Dark color, body tempera-

ture, carbon dioxide, blood

or blood components.

A-4

Food

Sugar solution

A-5

None

attractants. In cone test for Anopheline mosquitos, five susceptible, non-blood-fed,

2–5-day-old female mosquitos are exposed to each piece of netting (25 cm x 25

cm) for 3 min under standard WHO cones. Knock-down is recorded 60 min after

exposure and mortality after 24 h. This procedure should be repeated until a total

of 50 mosquitos have been exposed to each piece. Excito-repellency chamber is

composed of the outer chamber constructed with four metal sides (33.5 x 33.5 cm)

and the screened inner chamber functioning as the test paper holder with four side-

box slightly smaller than the outer chamber. The repellent-impregnated papers can be

placed on the Plexiglas panel located either side of the wall of the inner chamber to

allow or prevent mosquitos from making physical contact with the test paper surface.

Figure 16.1: The rubber glove with a cut window (6 cm x 5 cm) on the human volunteer’s

forearm and the open area was covered with treated textile, then exposed to a testing cage

holding 200 female mosquitos.